Their fusion of vintage charm and contemporary style creates a captivating fashion statement that complements various looks, proving that sometimes, a little coverage can make a big impact. Whether adorned with intricate designs or kept minimalistic, capelets offer a versatile way to elevate any ensemble. With a cropped length, they infuse outfits with a hint of drama, making them perfect for both formal events and trendy streetwear. These mini capes gracefully rest on the shoulders, exuding elegance and modernity. Capelet or CroppedĬapelets, the chic descendants of capes, bring a touch of sophistication in a compact form. In a world of ever-changing trends, classic capes stand as a testament to the enduring charm of traditional fashion. Whether worn for warmth, as part of a historical ensemble, or to add flair to modern attire, these capes evoke a sense of nostalgia while remaining eternally chic. These sleeveless wonders offer both warmth and style, transcending eras with their enduring appeal.įrom the medieval hooded cape to the iconic superhero cloak, classic capes have adapted to various cultures and purposes, creating an everlasting fashion statement. Classic or TraditionalĬlassic capes, steeped in history, are timeless garments that drape elegantly over the shoulders and back. Whether flowing in the wind as a symbol of heroism or delicately draped for an evening of glamour, capes celebrate the art of self-expression through clothing.Įmbarking on a journey through the diverse realm of capes unravels a narrative woven with threads of tradition, innovation, and endless possibilities. These versatile garments transcend eras, cultures, and genres, each style bearing its unique story and purpose.įrom the regal capes of historical nobility to the iconic superhero mantles, capes have captured imaginations and defined identities. Capes, a fusion of fashion and function, have graced human shoulders for centuries, embodying elegance, mystery, and protection.
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Note this information does NOT replace the need for a survey to determine existing ground elevations. For specific information on the USGS National Map Elevation Point Query Service, visit. For more information on the USGS 3DEP Program, visit. For the State of Hawaii, this data has not yet been updated similar to much of continental U.S., however it can be used as an order of magnitude when attempting to compare with the Base Flood Elevation (BFE). The ground elevation provided is an approximation using the USGS National Map Elevation Point Query Service, part of the USGS 3DEP program. If you feel your property is at risk of flooding, you can still buy flood insurance, regardless of your FEMA flood zone.Disclaimer: The use of this tool is for informational purposes only.If you have questions about your municipality's flood risk or rate maps, contact your municipality to schedule a time to review the maps. Map specialists at the FEMA Mapping and Insurance eXchange (FMIX) can be reached at (877) 336-2627 or Paper maps are available in your local city, village, or Town Hall. It also has fact sheets about flood insurance, Risk MAP, ways to mitigate flood risk, and related information. The site includes all of FEMA’s flood maps and data.
What are Dragons?ĭragons are mythical creatures that have been part of human folklore and mythology for centuries. But what else do we know about dragons? In this article, we’ll explore the world of dragons and learn more about these incredible creatures. They are often depicted as powerful, fire-breathing creatures with wings and sharp claws. These fascinating beasts have been featured in stories, movies, and art for centuries. Discover the Magical World of Dragons and Their Mystical Powersĭragons are some of the most popular mythical creatures in the world. When they eat these goats it causes great pain for them, which makes them fall down the mountain/valley where they then die after that (this is why we call the monster “dragon”). In order to get food from these mountains/valleys dragons hunt for mountain goats by using their venomous teeth (called fangjiao). It is said to live in mountains or valleys in China because there is no water there except for underground water tanks (the dragon’s home). The Chinese Dragon is a famous legendary creature which has many similarities with our modern day dragon. Dragon Characteristics According to Legend In fact, dragon has many characteristics depending on the legend and culture it comes from. Dragons’ tails are also different in different legends: some of them are long and thin while others look like snakes or even fins. Some legends say that they can breathe fire and some say that they have horns on their head. Most often, dragons live underground in caves or inside the earth. Their appearance varies according to the legend, but all dragons are represented as flying lizards with fire-breathing capabilities. This article will explain what are dragons and their characteristics in detail:ĭragons can be a combination of a lizard and a snake. Some legends say that dragons can fly and breathe fire. They have fire breathing and scales for protection. Most often, a dragon is depicted as a reptile with wings. There are different types of dragons, but all of them have some similarities. Fascinating Facts About DragonsĪ dragon is a mythological creature with many different characteristics. With so many different types of dragon coloring pages available, children can use their imagination to bring these incredible creatures to life. They can help kids develop their creativity, fine motor skills, and hand-eye coordination. They can also experiment with different coloring techniques, such as shading, blending, and creating texture.ĭragon coloring sheets are a fun and engaging activity for children. Children can use any colors they want, from realistic browns and greens to more fantastical pinks and purples. When it comes to coloring dragon sheets, there are no rules. Others depict dragons interacting with other fantasy creatures like unicorns, fairies, or knights. Some sheets show dragons in their natural habitats, such as flying through the sky or perched on a mountain. Some depict fierce dragons in battle, while others show cute and friendly dragons that kids can color with bright and fun colors. There are many types of dragon coloring sheets to choose from. Dragon coloring pages can also help children learn about colors, shapes, and different dragon species. Coloring is a fun and creative activity that can help children develop their fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination, and creativity. They also enjoy coloring pages featuring these incredible beasts.ĭragon coloring sheets can provide hours of entertainment for children. Children love to imagine themselves as dragon slayers, knights, and dragon riders. Dragons are mythical creatures that have fascinated people for centuries. Fix Google Download Limit – If you are downloading from Google Drive and are receiving a ‘quota exceeded’ error, see this article to bypass it.macOS Catalina Download ISO 10.15.7 via Techrechard (MediaFire).macOS Catalina Download ISO 10.15.7 via NodeNinjas (Google Drive).macOS Catalina Download ISO 10.15.7via GEEKrar Forum (Mega).Later, that image can be burn to a new disc, which is exact copy of the original. ISO images are used to archive an exact digital copy of a disc. This will make the image appear and function as a real optical disc. Most operating systems allow you to mount an ISO image as a virtual disc. The ISO image is sector-by-sector copy of the disc, with no compression is used. The idea behind the ISO image is to make a complete copy of everything stored on a physical optical disc like a compact disc and contains the file system. The file type, ISO, was taken from the name of the file system used by optical media standard 9660. Depending on the country you are in or the internet connection you have, you may find one of the services more reliable than another. To save you time and effort, we and some groups we know have already done this for you.ĭifferent providers host each download ISO link. However, most users find that it is in the DMG format and must be converted using a tool like Ampare if you want an ISO image. To be clear, macOS Catalina Download ISO version 10.15 can be downloaded directly from Apple. The links that we are providing below have been tested and do not contain any viruses. If you do not have enough disk space, you can save it on popular platforms like Google Drive or Mega. To get the macOS Catalina Download 10.15 ISO, you will need at least 8.7GB of disk space since the macOS Catalina ISO file is exactly 8,704,00 KB. Video: Install macOS Catalina on VMware.Virtual Machines & macOS Catalina Download ISO File.macOS Catalina Download 10.15 ISO Links. For an app to make this list, it needed to be roughly as easy to use as Airtable. The interface is excellent, it's got great templates, and the help docs are really comprehensive. For all that power, once you wrap your head around the basics of databases, Airtable is surprisingly user-friendly. While not every app on this list is quite as customizable, I was still looking for versatile, flexible tools that could be put to a variety of uses depending on your needs.Įase of use. If some off-the-shelf app doesn't meet your needs, odds are you can build something that does using Airtable. Zapier uses it for its editorial calendar, while Taylor's Guitars uses it to run their marketing efforts, and an international retail group uses it to manage its product development. I use an Airtable base to keep track of my article pitches and the publications and editors I want to send them to. Airtable can be used to build almost any kind of tool you want. Any service that can't pull information from your CRM or a web form, or automatically update your stored data and display it nicely based on some criteria you set, is really missing a key part of what makes Airtable so useful. Airtable is known for its integrations, automations, and ability to build custom apps (or at least app-like internal tools). Anything short of a very powerful spreadsheet implementation just isn't going to allow you to store and use data like Airtable can. For me, some kind of fairly powerful data handling features were an absolute non-negotiable. If you can't code your own app using SQL, you can use an Airtable base to build much the same kind of tool. At its core, Airtable is a lightweight, user-friendly database. Sure, Airtable might be better for some uses, and my picks here will be better for others, but I was still looking for apps that met a few key criteria:ĭatabase-like features. The features don't have to be identical or work in the exact same way, but the end result should be that you can use the apps somewhat interchangeably. For more details on our process, read the full rundown of how we select apps to feature on the Zapier blog.įor an app to be a viable Airtable alternative, it has to offer features that allow you to do some (and ideally most) of the things that Airtable does. We're never paid for placement in our articles from any app or for links to any site-we value the trust readers put in us to offer authentic evaluations of the categories and apps we review. We spend dozens of hours researching and testing apps, using each app as it's intended to be used and evaluating it against the criteria we set for the category. Remember to conduct your own research and review the latest updates from Webflow and Square to ensure the accuracy and availability of integrations as the platform evolves over time.All of our best apps roundups are written by humans who've spent much of their careers using, testing, and writing about software. While I cannot guarantee the availability of a specific third-party integration for Square at the time of my knowledge, it's worth exploring the Webflow Ecommerce Integrations section, the Webflow Community Forum, or third-party integration platforms like Foxy.io or Integromat to see if there are any available solutions for integrating Square with Webflow. This approach requires more technical expertise and development skills, as you'll need to write code that communicates with Square's API endpoints.Īdditionally, it's worth mentioning that Webflow has a robust ecosystem of third-party integrations and plugins. With the help of Square's APIs, you can build custom functions and interfaces that interact with Square's e-commerce capabilities. Webflow's Custom Code feature enables you to inject your own HTML, CSS, and JavaScript into your Webflow project. By setting up a Zap between Webflow and Square through Zapier, you can potentially sync your Webflow e-commerce data, such as product inventory, orders, and customer information, with Square.Īnother way to integrate Square with Webflow is by utilizing custom code. Zapier allows you to create automated workflows, or "Zaps," to transfer data between different platforms. One approach to integrating Square with Webflow is through Zapier, a popular automation tool that connects various apps together. However, while Webflow does not have a built-in integration with Square for e-commerce, it is still possible to integrate Square into a Webflow website using custom code or third-party services. Webflow's native e-commerce functionality is primarily integrated with Stripe for payment processing. Maureen Blumhardt with daughter ChristianaĪlthough Blumhardt’s early life is an unexplored space, her educational background is not. The girl from Arizona, with a little spotlight in the media, later became a model for weight loss machines and worked in legal aid. Besides, there is no official information regarding her parents, siblings, and family.Įven though Maureen is technically a celebrity, the world has no clue about her mysterious upbringing. Maureen spent most of her childhood in Arizona. Her birthplace is Scottsdale, Arizona (U.S.). Maureen Blumhardt Wiki-Bio | Early Life & EthnicityĦ2 Years Old Maureen Blumhardt was born in 1960, and she celebrates her birthday on January 15 every year. Villanova University Columbia Journalism School How did Charles Barkley meet Maureen Blumhardt?.What is Maureen Blumhardt’s Nationality?.Maureen Blumhardt: Charles Barkley Wife | Kids.Maureen Blumhardt | Career: Humanitarian.Maureen Blumhardt | Age, Height, & Body Measurements.Maureen Blumhardt Wiki-Bio | Early Life & Ethnicity.However, the article mainly reflects Maureen rather than her loving husband. In the same way, playing as a power forward, the Alabamian amassed a cabinet full of accolades over 16 years. Maureen Blumhardt is the wife of Charles Barkley, the highly celebrated basketball player of the Philadelphia 76ers, Phoenix Suns, and the Houston Rockets. Unlike modern times where interracial marriages, same-sex marriages, etc., are legalized, the 80s society was from leniency and tolerance. In the traditional, stereotypical society of the 1980s, a white woman marrying a black woman was typically shunned. It is not to be taken lightly what Charles Barkley and Maureen Blumhardt did. They tied their wedding knot in 1989 and have been together since then, welcoming one daughter named Christiana Barkley. Maureen and Charles are now celebrating their 33rd year of married life. Name Meaning: Christiana BarkleyĬhristiana originated from Latin, which means “ follower of Christ.”įor more updates on Celebrity Feuds, YouTubers, Celebrity Babies, and Entertainment, follow eCelebrityMirror.Maureen Blumhardt is the wife of Charles Barkley, who is a former professional basketball player. According to Charles, social media are for only losers. But she likes to stay away from the media limelight like her celebrity dad Charles Barkley. Later it was unearthed that the images were of a woman named Villanova.Ĭhristiana Barkley could achieve lots of fame by being an easy celebrity. Her name was in the headlines after some racy photos found on Twitter were rumored to be hers. Once Christiana gathered popularity for the wrong reason. Exact information on Charles Barkley’s daughter’s love life is still a mystery. Whether he is Christiana Barkley’s husband or boyfriend is yet to be known as she tends to keep her life private and away from the media fuss. Because of Christiana’s private life, people get to know less about her love life.Ĭhristiana Barkley’s momma Maureen once posted a photo of her with a boy on her Facebook page. The look-alike daughter of Sir Charles, Christiana Barkley, prefers a low-key life. Charles Barkley Daughter: A Stunning Beauty The event raised over $2 million for charity to women to transform their lives.Īs for Christiana’s father, Charles Barkley’s net worth is estimated at $50 million. In March 2016, she accompanied her mother at the 20th celebration of ‘Fresh Start Fashion Gala,’ a fundraising event. She often attends charity events alongside her parents. Photo Source: Facebook/ Maureen Barkleyīesides Journalism, Christiana Barkley also involves herself in charitable activities along with her mother, Maureen. Christiana Barkley with her dad Charles Barkley. Despite being a daughter of an affluent parent, Christiana Barkley amassed her net worth from her own earnings. Charles Barkley’s daughter worked as a sales assistant with a media company. Christiana Barkley Net Worth and EarningsĪfter graduating in journalism, Christiana Barkley decided to pursue her career in the same field. Being a daughter of renowned celebrities, Christiana grew up in the lap of luxury and fame. Later in 2016, she enrolled at Columbia University for her graduation in Journalism. She completed her junior college at Villanova University in Radnor. As for her mother, Maureen is a one-time model famous for her charitable and benevolent endeavors.īorn in 1989 in Pennsylvania, Charles Barkley’s daughter Christiana Barkley grew up in New York City. He is one of the most absolute power forward in the history of the NBA. Her father, Charles, aka Chuck, is a legendary American former pro-basketball player. Pretty Christiana Barkley is the daughter of Charles Barkley with Maureen Blumhardt. Charles Barkley Daughter: A Stunning Beauty.Christiana Barkley Net Worth and Earnings. However currently, there are still doubts about this condition and its incidence, as well as the timing and modalities of follow-up (clinical vs. Therefore, for some patients, it would be necessary to carry out subsequent follow-ups after a negative ultrasound screening. If this condition were to be confirmed, there would be a group of children for whom current screening programs might not be sufficient. Recently, literature has highlighted the possibility of a “late DDH” diagnosis after a negative initial ultrasound screening in children with breech presentation ( 16– 22). Until now, available literature ( 13– 15) did not recommend (even in children with risk factors, including breech presentation) further follow-up after a negative hip ultrasound examination. According to medical literature, despite the current debate between selective and universal screening ( 8– 10), hip ultrasound is considered the most reliable diagnostic examination for DDH ( 11, 12). The Pavlik harness appears to be the most used brace ( 7). In particular, in cases of instability and dislocation, a dynamic splint is the most commonly used treatment, especially if applied within 4–5 months of life. About conservative management of DDH, depending on the patient's age and the severity of the disease, the dynamic or static splint is actually considered the gold standard treatment. Moreover, early detection and referral of newborns with DDH could allow for conservative intervention, preventing the need for surgery ( 6). Other suggested, but not documented, findings are being the first-born, torticollis, foot abnormalities, oligohydramnios, multiple gestations, and macrosomia ( 3, 4).īecause hip development disorders have the potential to cause long-term disabling complications such as gait abnormalities, muscle hypotrophy, degenerative hip, knee injuries, and chronic pain, the main goal is early diagnosis and treatment ( 5). The most important single risk factor is breech position, followed by the female sex, incorrect lower-extremity swaddling, and a positive family history. Although the exact pathophysiological mechanisms are still unknown, there are several known risk factors for DDH. DDH is a complex and dynamic process that encompasses a broad spectrum of developmental abnormalities of the hip, varying from mild dysplasia to complete hip dislocation ( 2). Considering the small study population and the only clinical follow-up, further studies are needed to clarify the possible late development of this condition.ĭevelopmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders of newborns, with incidence estimates of 4.4–23.0/1,000 live births ( 1). Only three patients (5.5%) had a pathological examination, but no x-ray were pathological.Ĭonclusion: Our study has not documented cases of late DDH. The median age of orthopedic follow-up examination was 45 months. The median age of gait onset was 13 months. Results: Fifty-five patients (52.7% female, 52.7% with breech presentation, and 41.8% with a positive family history) met the inclusion criteria. In the case of a pathological objective examination, radiography was performed. To identify possible cases of late DDH, from February 2022 to July 2022, all patients who met the inclusion criteria were submitted to orthopedic follow-up clinical evaluation. Materials and methods: We selected patients with risk factors for DDH and a negative hip ultrasound from the medical records of children referred to the Hip Ultrasound Clinic (Rome, Italy) from January 2018 to November 2021. Recently, reports of late DDH in populations at risk (breech presentation) and after negative ultrasound examination have emerged in the literature.Īim: The objective of the study was to assess the possible appearance of late DDH in Italian children with risk factors but negative ultrasound screening. Ultrasound has proven to be an effective method for the early diagnosis of this condition. 5Centro di Salute Globale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italyīackground: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a known orthopedic pathology of newborns that, if not diagnosed and treated, can lead to debilitating long-term consequences.4Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Medical School, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.3Department of Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.2Department of Orthopedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.1Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Rosa Morello 1,† Beatrice Bocchi 2,3,† Francesco Mariani 1 Alice Bononi 4 Cristina Giuli 2,3 Nadia Bonfiglio 2,3 Piero Valentini 1 Ilaria Lazzareschi 1 Claudia Rendeli 1 Osvaldo Palmacci 2,‡ Danilo Buonsenso 1,5* ‡ Try it out and see if the seasoning needs to be changed. The mac and cheese will thicken up after sitting for a minute or two, so don't worry if it looks watery at first.In order to turn them into a smooth sauce, you must continue stirring them until they melt completely. Toss in the cheeses a few at a time, swirling well between additions. This is an important step in making the creamy cheese sauce. Don't get rid of the remaining water in your pot. If you don't want your pasta overcooked, turn off the Instant Pot. The lid should be taken off and put aside once the pin has dropped.To forestall any mishaps in the kitchen, I normally drape a paper towel over the vent. Be wary, as the starch in this dish can cause a lot of spitting when cooking. When the timer goes off, quickly release the pressure by turning the valve to the venting position.For four minutes of cooking time, use the plus and minus buttons to select the Pressure Cook or Manual menu options. Make sure the Instant Pot valve is in the sealing position before closing the lid. Make sure all the pasta is covered by the liquid by pressing down on it with a wooden spoon. Dry pasta, chicken broth, water, spicy sauce, salt, garlic powder, pepper, smoked paprika, dry mustard, and onion powder should all be placed in the Instant Pot's inner liner.Notes: Instant Pot Mac and Cheese (quick dinner idea), This Instant Pot Mac and Cheese is ultra creamy and rich with a velvety smooth sauce! Ready in about 20 minutes, it's always a family favorite! Add broccoli or your preferred vegetable to the spaghetti and sausage dish.The cornstarch slurry will rapidly thicken the liquid in the pot. The next step is to add the ingredients to the Instant Pot. To make a smooth paste, combine 1 tablespoon of cornstarch with 2 tablespoons of water in a small bowl. It can be thickened with a cornstarch slurry if it is still too watery. It will take a while for the sauce to thicken and the cheese to melt. Add the milk and cheeses gradually while stirring. Don't be alarmed if it seems like there's a lot of liquid. When the timer goes off, let the pot rest for 5-10 minutes before turning the valve to the venting position. Cook for 5 minutes at high pressure by selecting manual mode. Check that the valve is set to the "sealing" position. Lock the lid of the Instant Pot in place.To the pan, sprinkle the ground mustard, paprika, pepper, kosher salt, and liquid smoke. Simply toss in a single layer of spaghetti. Cover the bottom of your Instant Pot with the smoked sausage.Notes: The Best Instant Pot Macaroni A Gluten-Free Mac And Cheese, HOW TO cook macaroni AND CHEESE in the instant pot Place the macaroni, water, butter, ground dry mustard, and smoked paprika into your Instant After 15 minutes, when all the liquid has been absorbed and the consistency is smooth and creamy, turn the Instant Pot® to the "Keep Warm" mode and let the macaroni sit, uncovered and stirred regularly.There will be a soupy quality to the mixture at first. Combine the melted butter, milk, Cheddar cheese, and Parmesan cheese and stir in. In about 5 minutes, remove the pressure by following the quick-release procedure as instructed by the manufacturer.Ten to fifteen minutes is needed for pressure to rise. Don't forget to secure the cover! According to the manual, select high pressure, and then set the timer for 4 minutes. In a multi-functional pressure cooker (such an Instant Pot®), mix the macaroni, chicken stock, salt, dry mustard, liquid smoke, paprika, pepper, and garlic powder. And some of them with sound?! Two things I love so much in this world. YEP! They have so many good ones, that it's honestly inspiring. Once I realized I could use animated wallpapers via this app, I then was concerned if it would have good animated wallpapers. I've always wondered if it was possible to use animated images/videos as wallpaper, and this app makes that possible. This takes wallpaper to an ENTIRELY different level. I've had one hobby all these years, and it's been my desktop wallpaper. You are welcome to provide feedback in the app, and we will handle every feedback and comment.īuy once forever! permanent! permanent! Unlock all wallpapers!įollow the author and learn about the latest situation! The author is a loyal Mac user, more new features, new wallpapers, continue to be online. You can collect wallpapers and roam the entire series of Macs without logging in, allowing you to enjoy the fun of live wallpapers. Wallpapers are constantly updated, there are new wallpapers every day, and new happiness every day. Powerful wallpaper classification search engine, classification filtering, quickly find your favorite.Įveryone can submit wallpapers to share with others. Support low-power static energy saving, save power as needed.Īccording to the heat of use, the hottest ranking and real-time data updateĪccording to the release time, the latest ranking and real-time data update Support battery-powered static energy saving and power saving. The advanced occlusion algorithm ensures that it must be dynamic when it can be seen, and static when it cannot be seen. Using advanced Apple Cloudkit technology, it does not link any other domain names except Cloudkit, and there is no need to log in to the application after logging in to iCloud.Īdapt to Apple silicon, higher efficiency. Intuitive display real-time preview and selection, real-time display display preview, real-time check the appropriate proportion, distribution structure, rotation direction and setting effect according to the display. The top menu bar is perfectly integrated, no matter whether it is booting, shutting down, logging in or logging out, the simultaneous use of multiple monitors and multiple virtual spaces will not be affected. The live wallpaper follows the monitor, disconnecting the external monitor will not automatically drift to another screen, each monitor has its own completely independent settings. Support 4 kinds of display ratios, standard, vertical screen, 21:9 and 32:9. Supports independent control of up to 6 or more monitors, each monitor can have a virtual space, and there is no upper limit for the supported screens! That signature spiral isn’t just pretty to look at – like the sunflower head, its form has an essential function. A rose by any other pattern…įibonacci numbers also reveal themselves in the spiral of a rose bloom. As the individual seeds grow, the centre of the seed head is able to add new seeds, pushing those at the periphery outwards so the growth can continue indefinitely. In the case of sunflowers, Fibonacci numbers allow for the maximum number of seeds on a seed head, so the flower uses its space to optimal effect. The Fibonacci sequence is also closely related to the Golden Ratio – a number that has cropped up time and time again in human culture for thousands of years. In the 19th century it emerged that the sequence commonly occurred among the structures of the natural world, from the spirals of a pinecone to the seeds on a sunflower. It starts 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 and goes on forever. Learn more about the Fibonacci sequence in nature.Named after a 13th century Italian Mathematician, Leonardo of Pisa who was known as Fibonacci, each number in the sequence is created by adding the previous two together. While these shapes have nothing to do with Fibonacci, the kids in your life can seek out Fibonacci sequences or shapes, depending on their skill level while enjoying an outing at Tyler. Not to be left out, you will also see shapes like circles (berries or the rings of a tree), stars (sweetgum leaves or an apple core) and even squares (the square stem of a mint, or the seed capsule of Ludwigia alternifolia, commonly called seedbox – pictured below and found at Tyler). Whether you are in your backyard or at Tyler, look closely and you will start seeing these spirals, and finding these petal counts. Iris have 3 petals, phlox have 5, delphiniums have 8, cineraria have 13 and black-eyed susans have 21. Over and over, you will find the same numbers.Įven if you look at flowers which do not form spirals, you will often find the total number of petals to be a Fibonacci number. Look at a pineapple, an artichoke, water lilies, carnations. They are tightly packed in a spiral, and if you count them, you will see Fibonacci numbers going in each direction – 55 going clockwise, and either 34 or 89 going counter clockwise. Of course this numbering is not always displayed in nature, but you will find it more than you might think. But the sum of each path of spiraling bracts results in a Fibonacci number. Going in the opposite direction the slope rises more steeply. Going in one direction, you will see that the bracts slope upwards gradually. Now look at a pinecone and count the individual bracts as they spiral towards the tip. Count in the opposite direction and you will get another Fibonacci number. What about the dahlia? If you were to count the spiraling petals from left to right, you would get one of the numbers listed above, in this case 8. At this angle, you can easily notice the spiral pattern in the center. Take a look at the coneflower pictured below. Remember to start with 0, and count up from there. If you count these leaves as they spiral up the stem, the overlapping leaf will be the 3 rd (elm), 5 th (cherry) or 8 th (pear). By the time a leaf is directly over another leaf, it is far enough up the stem to not interfere with the leaf directly below it. When a plant produces its leaves in a spiral up the stem, it allows for optimal sunlight and water dispersal. It doesn’t make sense for plants to stack leaves over each other since that would block sunlight, and limit water’s ability to travel down the stem to reach the roots. The man who identified this sequence was Leonardo of Pisa, a mathematician born in the 12 th century who was known as ‘Master Fibonacci’. We have a list of numbers that have a pattern and can go on forever. Then keep going to add 1+1 to get 2, then 1+2 =3, then 2+3=5 and so on. The numbers above have a pattern, which is simply starting with zero and adding the next consecutive number (1) to it to get a result of 1. Yes, I put the words ‘math’ and ‘fun’ in the same sentence. Math? Really, must we talk about math? What could this have to do with Tyler Arboretum or nature? Well, let’s take just a moment and see if we can find math in nature, and maybe have fun at the same time. |
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